Bariatric Surgery More Effective Than GLP-1 Agonist Weight Loss Drugs like Mounjarro, Wegovy, and Ozempic, Study Finds

Published on May 8 , 2025 | 3 Minutes to Read

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Introduction: The ongoing debate in weight loss treatments

In the battle against obesity, two major treatments have gained significant attention—bariatric surgery and GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) medications. A recent systematic review has found that weight loss from bariatric surgery is more effective and sustainable compared to GLP-1 RAs. Let’s break it down.

Long-term success: Bariatric surgery maintains weight loss

The study presented at the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting in San Diego highlighted the effectiveness of bariatric surgery. Key findings include:

• Gastric bypass resulted in a 31.9% total weight loss one year after surgery.
• Sleeve gastrectomy led to 29.5% total weight loss in the same period.
• Weight loss of approximately 25% was maintained for up to ten years’ post-surgery.

These results suggest that bariatric surgery provides a long-term solution for individuals struggling with severe obesity.

GLP-1 agonists: Effective, but with limitations

GLP-1 RAs, such as Semaglutide and Tirzepatide, have been widely used for weight loss and diabetes management. However, their long-term efficacy has been called into question:

• Weekly semaglutide injections led to 10.6% weight loss in five months.
• Weekly tirzepatide injections resulted in 21.1% weight loss in nine months.
• Continued treatment with GLP-1 RAs plateaued at 22.5% with tirzepatide and 9.7–14.9% with semaglutide after 17–18 months.
• 50% of lost weight was regained within a year of stopping treatment.

This suggests that while GLP-1 RAs can be effective, their benefits may diminish once treatment is discontinued.

The role of lifestyle interventions

The review also confirmed that lifestyle interventions alone do not lead to sustainable weight loss. While healthy eating and physical activity are essential for overall well-being, they may not be sufficient for individuals with severe obesity who require medical intervention.

Expert opinions: Why surgery remains the gold standard

James P Byrne, President of the British Obesity & Metabolic Surgery Society, commented on the findings:
“Weight loss surgery changes lives and delivers better weight loss, improvements in health, and quality of life than any available drug.”

He emphasized that while new anti-obesity medications are beneficial, surgery remains the most effective long-term treatment for severe obesity.

Conclusion: Which option is right for you?

For individuals with severe obesity, bariatric surgery remains the most effective and sustainable solution, offering long-lasting weight loss and significant health benefits. In contrast, GLP-1 RAs may provide temporary results but require lifelong use, making them an expensive and unsustainable option. When considering long-term success, improved health, and financial feasibility, bariatric surgery stands out as the superior choice for lasting weight management.

Reference

https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/news/bariatric-surgery-more-effective-than-glp-1-agonist-weight-loss-drugs-study-finds#:~:text=Weight%2Dloss%20surgery%20produces%20greater,a%20systematic%20review%20has%20found